This magnificent primate exhibits fine, silky, and grey fur with dull gold or reddish-orange tail, white under-part, and a silvery-brown to black head crown. Individuals of both genders generally look alike. Young tamarins are distinguished by noticeably smaller size and a shorter mustache.

Emperor tamarins are native to the southwestern part of the Amazon Basin, occurring in southeast Peru, northwest Bolivia, and northwest Brazil. The population in Peru is mainly found in Acre, Purus, Jurua, and other river drainages.

The ideal habitat for this species is the lowland tropical rainforest, where the animals inhabit the tree canopy of river basins.

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The Emperor tamarins are diurnal animals, which are active during the daytime hours. These approachable, playful and highly social creatures form units of up to 15 individuals with an average of 2-8

A typical group is made up of a breeding pair with their young of the past several years as well as migratory adult individuals, which are not related to the family.

These animals display some territorial behavior, giving out certain calls, intended to announce their presence and define boundaries of their home ranges. Community members sleep together, typically in large, detached trees.

These agile primates are known to move between trees by very quick leaps. Vocalizations are an important part of their communication system. These include cries, which help them recognize friends, foes, and interlopers.

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As omnivores, the Emperor tamarins consume food of both plant and animal origin from fruits, flowers, nectar, sap, and gum to frogs, snails, insects as well as occasional small birds.

The Emperor tamarins exhibit a polyandrous mating system, where each dominant female breeds with multiple males. While captive individuals don't have a defined breeding season, those in the wild generally mate in April-May.

Two babies are born after 140-145 days of gestation. Since these animals practice communal care, all members of their group, including adult individuals of both genders as well as older siblings, help rear the infants. Males are generally busy grooming the infants, whereas females have to clean the babies.

They begin taking solid food at 4-7 weeks old. Complete weaning occurs within 15-25 weeks after birth. The age of reproductive maturity is 2 years old.

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The biggest threat to the population of this species is the destruction of their forest habitat as a result of the large-scale construction of major roads between Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.

Emperor tamarins also suffer from human development in the form of cattle ranching and logging. Localized threats include capture for the pet trade in some parts of their range.

Emperor tamarins closely cooperate and share their habitat with Saddleback tamarins. The Emperor tamarin inhabit higher levels of the forest canopy, while the latter lives in the lower levels. Both of these animals watch for threats and help each other escape predators. Additionally, Emperor tamarins occasionally throw food to the lower levels of the canopy, evidently sharing it with the Saddleback tamarins.

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